Downstream in America

Downstream in America.

-Misonidazole (MISO) potentiates the action of cyclophosphamide (CY) and melphalan in the WHFIB culture-adapted fibrosarcoma, whether assayed by cell survival or tumour-growth delay. In the case of CY, MISO also inhibited recovery from potentially lethal drug damage. The optimum effect was seen when MISO was given 1 h before CY, though it was also effective when given 6 h before or 1 h after th...

Public Diplomacy and its Institutions in United States of America

Although, once, in the far past, sending gifts and missionaries was called a type of public diplomacy, today it is manifested as academic disciplines, policy making institutions, and multi-purpose organizations. The most important institutions of these kinds, now, exist in the US, whose purpose is to promote the politics of this country as Public Diplomacy and to follow local and international ...

Code of Ethics of medical informatics in Asia and America

Nowadays, using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in health care with the aim of creating tools for diagnosing and treating diseases has proposed a new debate on the code of ethics. The raised ethical issues are beyond privacy and security, and have been the most important sources of debate and ethical questions in these professions.  

Downstream Regulation In

Downstream Investment in Oligopoly

We examine cost-reducing investment in vertically-related oligopolies, where firms may be vertically integrated or separated. Analyzing a standard linear Cournot model, we show that: (i) Integrated firms invest more than separated competitors. (ii) Vertical integration increases own investment and decreases competitor investment. (iii) Firms may integrate strategically so as to preempt investme...